The cleaning and maintenance of customized automotive bearings should start from five core links: cleaning, lubrication, inspection, storage, and installation. The specific operation is as follows:
1. Cleaning: Thoroughly remove dirt to prevent damage
Initial cleaning of dust
Use low volatility kerosene or special bearing cleaning agent to soak the bearings for 5-10 minutes, and use a soft bristled brush to gently wipe the gaps between the groove and the cage to avoid metal scratching and damaging the rolling elements.
Attention: Do not rotate the bearing for cleaning to prevent debris from being pressed into the raceway.
.Deep degreasing
For bearings coated with heavy grease or sealed for a long time, the heating cleaning method is used: heat the cleaning solution (such as aviation gasoline or benzene free solvent) to 60-80 ℃, and use heat to decompose the stubborn oil film.
.Alternative solution: If there is a lack of heating equipment, it can be cleaned with kerosene first, and then cleaned again with gasoline to remove residual moisture and prevent rusting.
.Final washing and drying
Replace with clean cleaning solution for final rinsing to remove particles and impurities.
. Immediately dry with compressed air or place in a ventilated area to air dry naturally after removal. Sun exposure or high-temperature baking are strictly prohibited to prevent local oxidation. Precision bearings: It is recommended to use ultrasonic cleaning equipment to improve cleaning efficiency, but power and time should be controlled to prevent cavitation damage.2. Lubrication: Accurate selection and moderate dosage
Lubricant selection
High temperature environment: Choose high-temperature resistant lubricants (such as synthetic oil-based lubricants) to prevent lubrication failure.
. High speed operation: Use lubricants with excellent wear resistance (such as semi synthetic oil-based lubricants) to reduce friction between rolling elements and raceways.General scenario: Mineral oil-based lubricants are affordable and suitable for vehicles in general operating conditions.
.Lubrication control
Lubricating grease: The filling amount is 1/3 to 1/2 of the internal space of the bearing. Excessive filling can cause heating and leakage, while insufficient filling can exacerbate wear.
.Oil lubrication: For high-speed bearings or instrument bearings, clean them with clean oil before adding them to avoid residual rust inhibitors affecting the lubrication effect.
.Lubrication cycle
Replace the lubricating oil thoroughly at least every six months and check the condition of the bearings.
. Vehicles that frequently drive on urban roads or in harsh road conditions need to shorten their maintenance cycle.III. Inspection: Monitor the status and handle it in a timely manner
Appearance inspection
Regularly inspect the appearance of the bearings to see if there are any signs of wear, cracks, rust, etc.
. If cracks or gaps are found in the inner ring, outer ring, rolling element, or cage, or if the ring or rolling element is broken, the bearing should be replaced immediately.Monitoring of operating parameters
Use temperature sensors, vibration analyzers, and other tools to monitor the temperature, vibration, noise, and other parameters of bearings during operation.
. If the temperature rises sharply, the vibration exceeds the standard, or abnormal noise occurs, it may be due to bearing damage or poor installation, and the machine needs to be stopped for inspection. Clearance detectionRegularly measure the radial clearance of the bearing to ensure compliance with design requirements.
. Excessive clearance can lead to increased vibration and noise, while insufficient clearance may cause overheating and jamming.4. Storage: Moisture proof and rust proof, classified storage
Rust proof treatment
If the assembly cannot be carried out immediately after cleaning, rust proof treatment is required:
Apply rust proof oil: evenly cover the inner and outer rings and rolling elements, commonly using L-FD grade rust proof oil.
. Gas phase rust prevention: For equipment in high humidity environments, gas phase rust prevention oil (VCI) can be used to form a molecular level protective film.Precision instrument bearings: using transparent anti rust grease, balancing lubrication and protection.
.Packaging isolation
After applying rust inhibitor, wrap it with wax paper, composite plastic film or multi-layer kraft paper to avoid using ordinary paper containing acidic components.
.Environmental Control
The storage area should maintain a constant temperature (10-25 ℃), low humidity (relative humidity<60%), and be away from acidic and alkaline gases, salt spray, and strong electromagnetic fields.
.Fifth, Installation: Standardized operation to ensure concentricity
Tool selection
Use specialized bearing puller, induction heater and other tools for installation to avoid directly hammering the bearing surface and prevent deformation of the ring raceway and rolling elements.
. Installation in place detectionAfter installation, use a special measuring tool (such as a dial gauge) to check the bearing position, ensuring that there is no deviation or improper installation, and avoiding uneven force caused by small clearance or uneven inner and outer rings.
.Pre tightening force adjustment
Adjust the pre tightening force to the appropriate range according to the bearing type and working requirements.
. Excessive preload may cause bearing overheating, while insufficient preload may cause vibration and noise.