The installation of self-aligning roller bearings for elevators requires attention to environmental cleanliness, tool selection, heating control, uniform force application, clearance adjustment, and post installation inspection. The following are the specific installation methods:
Preparation before installation:
Clean the environment: Ensure that the installation area is free of dust and metal debris to avoid contaminating the bearing raceway.
Tool preparation: Select appropriate specialized tools based on the bearing size, such as bearing heaters, micrometers, measuring tools (used to measure shaft diameter and bearing inner diameter), lubricants (choose lubricating grease based on bearing speed and load, such as lithium based grease or high-temperature composite grease), etc.
Check bearings and mating surfaces: Check if the bearing model is correct, and if there are defects such as burrs, scratches, and cracks on the raceway and rolling element surfaces.
. At the same time, check the physical condition of the shaft or bearing seat to ensure the geometric and dimensional accuracy and cleanliness of the mating surface, and remove burrs.Installation method selection:
Cold installation: suitable for small-sized bearings or situations where the fit is not too tight.
. The bearing can be installed in the appropriate position by gently tapping the sleeve and hammering. When striking, it should be evenly applied to the bearing ring to prevent the bearing from tilting or tilting.Hot installation: For installing bearings with large interference fit or large-sized bearings, in order to facilitate installation, the principle of thermal expansion and contraction can be used to heat the bearings before installation.
. Heating methods include oil bath heating (with oil temperature controlled between 80-120 ℃ and not exceeding 120 ℃), induction heater heating, etc. When heating, ensure that the bearings are uniformly heated to avoid local overheating that may cause damage to the bearings.Installation steps:
Heating bearings: If using the hot installation method, place the bearings in the heater and heat them to the desired temperature.
.Installing bearings: Immediately after heating, use a copper rod or sleeve to evenly apply force along the inner ring of the bearing, and slowly install the bearing onto the shaft.
. Avoid directly tapping the bearing end face or roller to avoid damaging the bearing.Axial positioning: Use shaft shoulders or elastic retaining rings to fix the bearing end face and avoid axial movement.
. Use a dial gauge to detect axial displacement and ensure that the positioning error is ≤ 0.02mm.Radial centering: The self-aligning roller bearing allows for an automatic centering angle of 2 °~3 °, but it is necessary to ensure that the coaxiality between the housing hole and the shaft neck is ≤ 0.05mm. If the centering deviation is too large, the machining accuracy of the housing or shaft needs to be adjusted. Clearance adjustment: Determine the recommended residual clearance based on the bearing inner diameter size as the installation clearance target value. By adding or removing washers or adjusting nuts, the radial clearance can be restored to the standard value. During the installation process, it is necessary to measure and adjust the clearance multiple times until the target value is reached.
After installation inspection:
Rotation flexibility test: manually rotate the bearing to confirm that there is no jamming or abnormal noise.
.Installation firmness check: Check whether the fit between the bearing and the shaft or bearing seat is tight and there is no looseness.
. Lubrication inspection: Ensure that sufficient lubricating grease has been applied inside the bearing to reduce friction and wear.Precautions:
Do not strike directly: Do not strike the bearing end face or roller directly with a hammer to avoid damaging the raceway.
.Uniform force application: Use a copper rod or sleeve to strike alternately in the circumferential direction to avoid eccentricity caused by one-sided force.
.Anti rotation measures: During installation, use a pin or locating pin to fix the bearing to prevent it from rotating and misaligning with the shaft.
.Control heating temperature: The heating temperature should not exceed the allowable temperature range of the bearing or seal to avoid damaging the bearing or seal.
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