The manufacturing process of customized automotive bearings is a precise and multi link process, mainly covering steps such as raw material preparation, inner and outer ring processing, rolling element processing, cage processing, bearing assembly, and finished product testing. The following is a detailed introduction to each link:
1. Raw Material Preparation
The basis of bearing manufacturing is high-quality raw materials, usually including bearing steel (such as GCr15, GCr15SiMn, etc.), stainless steel, ceramics, etc. Raw materials need to undergo strict inspection to ensure that their chemical composition, mechanical properties, etc. meet the design requirements.
2. Inner and outer ring processing
Forging: The raw material is forged to form the bearing ring blank.
. The forging process can improve the microstructure of raw materials, enhance the reliability and service life of bearings. Machining: Using a CNC lathe to turn the forged blank into the basic shape of the inner and outer rings of the bearing.Heat treatment: High temperature treatment, such as quenching and tempering, is applied to the machined bearing rings to improve their hardness and wear resistance.
. The heat treatment process requires strict control of temperature and time to ensure uniform performance of the bearing ring. Grinding: Use a grinder to perform precision grinding on the heat-treated bearing rings to ensure their dimensional accuracy and surface roughness meet the design requirements. The grinding process may include steps such as rough grinding, fine grinding, and ultra precision grinding.Final inspection and rust prevention: Conduct a final inspection of the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the bearing rings after grinding. After passing the inspection, carry out rust prevention treatment, such as applying rust proof oil or spraying rust proof paint.
.III. Rolling element processing
Raw material preparation: The raw materials for manufacturing rolling elements are usually steel wire or bar material.
.Forming processing: Cutting steel wire or bar material into sections, and then punching them into blank beads through a punching machine.
. The rough beads are cut off from the protrusions on both sides by a grinder, and then rounded and smoothed.Heat treatment: Heat treatment is carried out on the ground rolling elements, such as quenching and tempering, to improve their hardness and wear resistance.
.Precision grinding and grouping: Precision grinding is carried out on the heat-treated rolling elements to ensure that their dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy meet the design requirements.
. Then group according to size for subsequent assembly.Fourth, processing of retaining frame
Material selection: The material of the retaining frame can be steel, copper, plastic, etc., and the appropriate material should be selected according to the operating environment and performance requirements of the bearing.
. Stamping or injection molding: Processing is carried out using stamping or injection molding technology according to the design requirements of the cage. Stamping process is suitable for metal retainers, while injection molding process is suitable for plastic retainers.Precision machining and inspection: Precision machining, such as deburring, drilling, etc., is performed on the machined retainer.
. Then conduct inspections of dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy to ensure compliance with design requirements.Fifth, Bearing Assembly
Parts Cleaning: Clean the inner and outer rings, rolling elements, and retainers to remove oil stains and impurities.
.Fitting and clearance inspection: Fit the cleaned parts according to the design requirements and check whether the clearance of the bearings meets the standards.
. Rivet retaining frame: Rivet the retaining frame that needs to be riveted to ensure reliable fixation between the retaining frame and the rolling element. Final inspection and rust prevention: Conduct final inspection on the assembled bearings to check their dimensional accuracy, rotational flexibility, noise and other performance indicators. After passing the inspection, carry out rust prevention treatment, such as applying rust proof oil or spraying rust proof paint.VI. Finished Product Testing
Performance Testing: Conduct performance testing on finished bearings, such as vibration and noise detection, high-temperature operation testing, salt spray testing, etc., to ensure that they meet design requirements and relevant standards.
.Life testing: Conduct life testing on bearings by simulating actual usage conditions to evaluate their service life and reliability.
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