1. Ring spinning
Ring spinning is currently the most commonly used and widely used spinning method in the market. Ring spinning refers to the introduction of fiber strips after being drawn from slivers or roving through the rotation of ring wire rings. The winding speed of the bobbin is faster than that of the wire rings, and the cotton yarn is twisted into fine yarn, which is widely used in various short fiber spinning projects. For example, in general combing, combing, and blending, the steel wire ring is twisted by the bobbin, which drives the steel ring to rotate through the yarn. At the same time, the friction of the steel ring causes its rotational speed to be slightly lower than the bobbin, resulting in winding. The spinning speed is high, and the form of ring spun yarn is a conical spiral line that mostly transfers fibers inside and outside, making the fibers intertwine and connect inside and outside the yarn. The structure of the yarn is tight, with high strength, and is suitable for various products such as thread making, weaving, and knitting.
2. Compact spinning
Agglomeration spinning is a new spinning technology that spins on an improved new ring spinning frame. The main spinning mechanism is that a fiber condensation zone is added in front of the traction device of the ring spinning frame, which basically eliminates the spinning twisting triangle area between the front roller and the twisting point. After the fiber whiskers are output from the front opening of the front roller, they first pass through the mesh leather ring of the outer sleeve of the shaped suction pipe. The whiskers move on the mesh leather ring, and due to the contraction and aggregation of the airflow, the whiskers are gathered and rotated through the suction groove of the shaped pipe, gradually turning from a flat strip to a cylindrical body. The ends of the fibers are twisted into the yarn, making the yarn very tight, with a smooth and clean appearance and less hairiness. Agglomeration spun yarn has higher strength and less hairiness. The phenomenon of sanding is least likely to occur during the weaving process.
The purpose of traditional ring spinning compared to compact spinning is to make the fibers as parallel and close as possible before twisting the yarn. This is an important evaluation standard for high-quality compact spinning yarns. Making the fibers as parallel and consistent as possible before twisting is a prerequisite for their advantage. The advantages of compact spinning are: the yarn has very little hairiness, especially when the hairiness is over 3mm, and it also improves the efficiency of the subsequent weaving machine, as well as the smoothness of the fabric surface; High cohesion and strength between yarns; Uneven yarn, with better thickness and detail indicators than traditional yarn. However, the cost of agglomeration spinning equipment is relatively high, which increases the equipment investment of the spinning factory. In addition to the significant improvement in hairiness indicators, other indicators of yarn such as evenness, coarseness, and details are not significantly improved.
3. Sirospun
Siro spinning, also known as parallel twist spinning, is known as A/B yarn in China and was later officially named Siro spinning. Sirospun is a spinning machine that uses two roving strands fed in parallel with a certain spacing. Two roving strands pass through a roller draft in the yarn draft area, forming two small triangular areas at the front roller nip, and then converge and twisted together to form a single yarn strand. Due to the transmission effect of twist back, a small amount of twist back is added to a single strand before the two strands are twisted together. Therefore, the twisted yarn has a different ply style from ordinary single yarns. If colored spun roving is used in combination with feeding, a patterned "AB" blended yarn can be spun.
The initial design purpose of Siro spinning is to use it on wool spinning, characterized by low hairiness, high strength, and good wear resistance, achieving the effect of single yarn weaving of wool yarn, in order to achieve the lightness and thinness of wool fabrics. Although Sirospun has made significant improvements in many aspects compared to similar conventional yarns, there is still a certain distance to truly achieve non sizing weaving of wool single yarns. Later, wool spinning also gave up this method, but used this method in blending such as T/C, C.V.C, etc., because it can produce Fried Dough Twists effect of yarn merging after dyeing, and has a good feel, so it is popular. Recently, due to the improvement of hairiness issues, such as spinning some fibers that are prone to hairiness, such as viscose staple fibers, wood wool, Tencel, and even whole cotton, this method is used to produce Siro yarn. The raw material grade used in Siro yarn can be lower than that of conventional ring spun yarn, and its fabric has less hairiness, soft feel, wear resistance, and good breathability compared to conventional ring spun yarn fabric.
4. Sirofil spinning
Sirofil spinning is developed on the basis of Sirofil spinning. Sirofil spinning involves feeding a long filament and a short fiber roving separately and maintaining a fixed distance from the grip point of the front traction roller. They form a triangular area and are twisted together to form Sirofil composite yarn. The filament is fed directly into the back of the front roller jaws without being stretched, and is twisted into a synthetic yarn with the roving at the front and back.
The traditional ring spinning of Sirofil spun leather core structure yarn is made by twisting a short fiber strand into yarn; Siro spinning uses two short fiber strands twisted into yarn, with the same mass, modulus, and rotational inertia of the two strands; But in Sirofil spinning, yarn is formed by twisting a short fiber strand and a long filament, and the mass, modulus, and rotational inertia of the strand and filament are completely different. In Sirofil spinning, a certain distance needs to be maintained between the filament and the strand. From the front roller nip to the last convergence point of the roving, a twisted triangle area will be formed. The change in spacing will cause changes in the shape of the twisted triangle area and have a certain impact on the yarn quality. As the spacing increases, the control effect of the twisted triangle on the floating fibers of the whiskers increases, resulting in a decrease in the hairiness index. When the distance between filament and roving is zero, the spun yarn is called core-spun yarn, filament is the core, and roving short fibers are outer fibers.
5. Solo spinning
Solospun, also known as cable spinning, is a small grooved roller (dividing roller) installed in front of the traditional ring spinning front roller. Under the action of the small grooves of the SolospunTM roller, the drafting whiskers are split into two to three (or even four) sub whiskers, each of which is initially twisted and forms a small twisting triangle. Finally, each sub whisker leaves the SolospunTM roller and is twisted together to form SolospunTM yarn.
The twisting mechanism of the SolospunTM spinning process gives SolospunTM yarn a special structure similar to multi strand yarn. The wear resistance of SolospunTM yarn can be comparable to that of double stranded yarn, but it greatly reduces processing costs. Compared with double stranded yarn technology, SolospunTM yarn can be spun into finer yarns using the same raw materials. Due to the pre twisting effect of the strand bundle, after the final twisting, the yarn body forms a structure similar to a cable, which can improve the yarn strength and wear resistance, improve the evenness, and reduce yarn hairiness. At present, this spinning technology is mostly used in the field of woolen worsted spinning with high yarn density, and the device is simple to install and convenient to use. Batch production practice has proven that Solo spinning can reduce yarn breakage rate and improve loom efficiency by about 20%.
6. Embedded composite spinning
Embedded composite spinning is a new spinning technology with independent intellectual property rights that has emerged in China in recent years. Its characteristics can be vividly understood as the combination of two Sirofil yarns. Two short fiber rovings are fed in parallel at a certain distance from the back bell mouth, while the other two filaments are fed directly from the front roller on the outer side of the roving strand through a wire guide device. The two rovings and filaments are initially gathered and pre twisted, and then gathered together to form yarn.
Therefore, two small twisted triangular areas and one large twisted triangular area are formed on the outer side of the front jaw. This twisting method forms a unique strand yarn structure, with the yarn strength mainly borne by the filament. The twisting process achieves the transfer of short fibers inside and outside and is fixed by the embedded filament. Its structure is fundamentally different from the internal and external transfer of fibers in traditional ring spinning.
The embedded composite spinning schematic yarn has a compact yarn structure, significantly improved strength and wear resistance, and reduced the number of hairiness, making it particularly suitable for the development of multi-component fiber blended yarns. Due to the recent emergence of this technology, there are still many issues that need to be continuously improved and solved, such as the transformation of yarn frames, the addition and improvement of filament unwinding mechanisms, and the addition and improvement of double guide rollers.
7. Twist spinning
Twist spinning, also known as low torque spinning, has begun to be industrialized in recent years. Twist spinning is the installation of a twisting device in the spinning section of traditional ring spinning, which affects the fiber tension distribution in the spinning triangle area through twisting, thereby changing the shape and arrangement distribution of fibers in a single yarn, and balancing the residual torque generated by the fibers in the yarn. Twisted yarn has the characteristics of small fiber orientation, large fiber transfer amplitude, local fiber segment inversion, and fiber aggregation in the inner layer of a single yarn.
Due to the low torque of twisted spun single yarn, the fabric surface is smooth and flat, especially the knitted fabric has less twisting and a soft feel. After processing, it can avoid setting treatment and reduce related emission pollution. At present, the industrialization and promotion of Tortoise Spinning is still in its initial stage, and the problems in its scope of application, application effect, energy-saving and economic benefits, technology and management need to be further summarized, improved, and improved after large-scale promotion. Comparison of Siro Spinning, Agglomeration Spinning, and Agglomeration Siro Spinning
Siro spinning is a spinning method that produces yarns similar to strand structures on traditional ring spinning frames. Siro spinning technology was first applied in wool spinning and gradually applied to cotton spinning. Siro spinning is a process in which two coarse yarns are fed from the bell mouth, maintaining the separation of the two strands in the front and rear draft areas. After outputting a certain length from the front jaw, they are merged and twisted by the same spindle to form a Siro yarn with a double strand structure. The synchronous twisting in the same direction of Siro spinning gives its yarn a special structure. The fibers on the surface of Siro spinning are arranged neatly, the yarn structure is compact, with less hairiness and good resistance to pilling and pilling. Compared to ply fabrics, Siro textiles have a soft and smooth feel. Siro spinning can be used for woven and knitted fabrics, and can also replace ply yarn for high count and high-density fabrics. Compact spinning is a new type of ring spinning technology based on traditional ring spinning. Simply put, it is a spinning technology that densifies the fibers output by the spinning machine after drawing, which involves adding an air suction device before twisting the strands. Through negative pressure control, loose fibers are gathered and hugged, and the fibers are fully stretched within the controlled area, reducing the twisting triangle on traditional spinning machines, enabling the fibers to be twisted in a parallel and tight state. Due to the uniform force and tight fit of each fiber in the yarn, the yarn structure and quality have been comprehensively improved, resulting in significant improvements in hairiness, strength, evenness, wear resistance, and yarn appearance. Agglomeration Siro Spinning Agglomeration Siro Spinning is a combination process spinning method that combines Agglomeration Spinning and Siro Spinning. The yarn spun by this technology combines the excellent characteristics and quality of the two spinning methods. Compared with traditional ring spinning single yarn and Siro Spinning, compact Siro Spinning has less hairiness, higher strength, and better Siro Spinning effect. It is an ideal raw material for spinning high-end fabrics and has good development prospects..
