The working principle of the rotor spinning machine is mainly based on the airflow spinning technology, and the specific process is as follows:
1、 Raw material feeding and combing
Cotton strip feeding: Feed the cotton strip into the rotary spinning machine from the horn mouth.
Fixing and transportation: The cotton strips are fixed by feeding the cotton board and the cotton roller, and the cotton roller rotates to transport the cotton strips to the combing area.
Combing and opening: The high-speed rotating carding roller in the carding area peels and sorts the cotton strips, achieving the effect of opening and mixing. The cotton strips are combed into fiber bundles that are separated from each other and arranged in parallel.
2、 Fiber transportation and aggregation
Fiber enters the cotton transport channel: After combing, the fiber bundles follow the airflow into the cotton transport channel.
Fiber entering the rotor: Fiber bundles enter the high-speed rotating rotor through the cotton conveying channel.
3、 Fiber twisting and yarn formation
Fiber aggregation: Under the centrifugal force of high-speed rotation of the rotor, fiber bundles aggregate in the coagulation tank, forming a fiber ring.
Fiber twisting: The fiber ring is pulled by the busbar and twisted by a false twist disc to form yarn. The false twist disc in the rotor spinning machine is a key component that rotates in the same direction and at the same speed as the rotor to twist the fibers.
Yarn output: Under the twisting tension of the yarn drum, the yarn is stretched continuously to complete the process of air spinning.
4、 Cup type and airflow generation
Rotary cup types: There are two common types of rotary cups, namely suction type rotary cups and self exhaust type rotary cups. Exhaust type rotor: Install an exhaust fan on the spinning machine, use the fan to act on the gap between the top opening of the rotor and the cover, generate airflow in the spinning channel, and create negative pressure inside the rotor.
Self exhaust rotor: Drill several holes on the rotor to create negative pressure in the high-speed rotating rotor, thereby generating radial airflow in the channel. At present, most industrial production adopts suction type.
Airflow effect: The rotor spinning machine transports and transfers fibers, as well as separates and discharges impurities, through the action of airflow.
The rotary spinning machine has the advantages of high speed, large yarn roll, wide adaptability, simple mechanism, no need for spindles, steel rings, steel wire rings, etc., which can double the output of fine yarn. The spun yarn is fluffy and rough in style, suitable for making denim fabrics, etc. At the same time, the technology of rotor spinning machines continues to advance, and the spinning range has been greatly expanded, which can produce both low-end and high-end products.