The antithrombin III assay kit is an in vitro diagnostic reagent used to quantitatively detect the activity or content of antithrombin III (AT-III) in plasma. Its core functions are reflected in the following aspects:
1. Core function: Accurately detect the level of antithrombin III
Antithrombin III (AT-III) is an important natural anticoagulant substance in the blood, which maintains the normal flow of blood by inhibiting the activity of thrombin and coagulation factors (such as Xa, IXa, etc.). This kit quantitatively measures the activity or concentration of AT-III in plasma or serum using specific methods such as chromogenic substrate assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoturbidimetry, etc., providing key diagnostic basis for clinical practice.
2. Clinical application value: auxiliary diagnosis and monitoring of various diseases
Risk assessment of thrombotic diseases
The decrease of AT-III activity is directly related to the risk of thrombosis.
. For example:Deep vein thrombosis (DVT): The patient's AT-III level may decrease, and testing can assist in diagnosis and assess the risk of recurrence. Pulmonary embolism (PE): Patients with AT-III deficiency are prone to pulmonary embolism, and kit testing can help identify high-risk populations early. Arterial thrombosis: such as myocardial infarction, stroke, etc., abnormal AT-III levels may indicate coagulation system disorders.
Diagnosis of hereditary antithrombin deficiency
Patients with congenital AT-III deficiency are prone to recurrent thrombosis, and kit testing can clarify the cause and guide long-term anticoagulant therapy.
.Monitoring of acquired AT-III deficiency
Liver diseases: Cirrhosis, hepatitis, etc. lead to a decrease in liver synthesis function and AT-III levels.
. Nephrotic syndrome: A large amount of proteinuria leads to the loss of AT-III and increases the risk of thrombosis. Diffuse intravascular coagulation (DIC): Consuming coagulation disorder leads to excessive depletion of AT-III and a significant decrease in its levels.Anticoagulant therapy monitoring
Heparin therapy: AT-III is a key cofactor for heparin to exert anticoagulant effects. Measuring its level can evaluate the efficacy of heparin and adjust the dosage.
. Oral anticoagulants (such as warfarin): Abnormal levels of AT-III may affect drug metabolism and require dynamic monitoring.III. Technical advantages: High sensitivity and specificity
Chromogenic substrate method
Principle: Thrombin catalyzes the cleavage of substrates (such as H-D-HHT-L-Ala-L-Arg-pNA), releasing p-nitroaniline (PNA). AT-III activity is calculated by monitoring the absorbance change at 405nm wavelength.
. Advantages: high sensitivity, easy operation, stable results, suitable for automated detection.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
Principle: The double antibody sandwich method involves coating a microplate with purified antibodies and adding the sample to form an antibody antigen enzyme-linked antibody complex. The AT-III content is quantitatively determined by colorimetric reaction.
. Advantages: Strong specificity, detectable low concentration samples, suitable for precise diagnosis in scientific research and clinical practice.Immunoturbidimetry
Principle: Using antigen antibody reaction to form turbidity, the concentration of AT-III is quantitatively determined by changes in transmitted light intensity.
. Advantages: Fast detection speed, high degree of automation, suitable for large-scale screening.IV. Practical Case: Clinical Decision Support
Case 1: The patient sought medical attention due to lower limb swelling and elevated D-dimer levels, but no thrombus was detected by ultrasound.
. The activity of AT-III was significantly reduced (<40%), and combined with family history, it was diagnosed as hereditary AT-III deficiency. Long term low molecular weight heparin preventive treatment was given, and no thrombosis occurred again.Case 2: A patient with cirrhosis who is planning to undergo liver transplantation has a preoperative AT-III level of only 25%, indicating a high risk of thrombosis.
. The surgery was successfully completed after supplementing fresh frozen plasma (including AT-III) during the operation.Fifth, Summary: The full chain value from detection to intervention
The antithrombin III assay kit provides the following support for clinical practice by accurately detecting AT-III levels:
Early identification of high-risk groups for thrombosis enables preventive intervention.
. Clarify the etiology of thrombotic diseases and guide individualized anticoagulant therapy. Monitor the efficacy of anticoagulant therapy, optimize drug dosage, and reduce the risk of bleeding or thrombus recurrence. Evaluate the function of organs such as the liver and kidneys to assist in the diagnosis of multiple system diseases.source:http://en.zjikon.com/news1081011.html